What is Exercise Induced Anaphylactic Shock?
Exercise Induced Anaphylactic Shock (EIAn) is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs during or after physical exercise. It is a type of anaphylaxis that is triggered by exercise and can cause severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, hives, swelling, and low blood pressure.
What Causes Exercise Induced Anaphylactic Shock?
The exact cause of EIAn is not known, but it is believed to be related to an allergic reaction to certain foods or substances in the environment. Exercise can trigger the release of histamine, a chemical that causes allergic reactions, and can lead to anaphylaxis. Some people may be more susceptible to EIAn due to a genetic predisposition or underlying medical conditions.
Who is at Risk for Exercise Induced Anaphylactic Shock?
Anyone can develop EIAn, but it is more common in people with a history of allergies, asthma, or anaphylaxis. It can also occur in people who have had a recent infection, have eaten certain foods, or have been exposed to certain substances. EIAn is more common in adults than children, and is more likely to occur during intense or prolonged exercise.
What are the Symptoms of Exercise Induced Anaphylactic Shock?
The symptoms of EIAn can vary from person to person, but may include:
- Hives or rash
- Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
- Difficulty breathing or wheezing
- Chest pain or tightness
- Low blood pressure
- Dizziness or fainting
If you experience any of these symptoms during or after exercise, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
How is Exercise Induced Anaphylactic Shock Diagnosed?
Diagnosing EIAn can be challenging because it is a rare condition that may not occur every time you exercise. Your doctor may perform a physical exam and review your medical history, including any allergies or previous episodes of anaphylaxis. They may also order blood tests, skin tests, or other diagnostic tests to rule out other causes of your symptoms.
How is Exercise Induced Anaphylactic Shock Treated?
The treatment for EIAn is similar to that of other types of anaphylaxis, and may include:
- Epinephrine (adrenaline) injections
- Antihistamines
- Corticosteroids
- Oxygen therapy
- IV fluids
Your doctor may also recommend avoiding certain foods or activities that trigger your symptoms. If you have a history of EIAn, it is important to carry an epinephrine auto-injector with you at all times and to inform others about your condition.
Preventing Exercise Induced Anaphylactic Shock
There is no surefire way to prevent EIAn, but there are some steps you can take to reduce your risk:
- Avoid exercising in extreme temperatures or humidity
- Avoid exercising on a full stomach
- Avoid certain trigger foods or substances
- Take antihistamines before exercising
- Start slowly and gradually increase the intensity of your workouts
Conclusion
Exercise Induced Anaphylactic Shock is a rare but serious condition that can occur during or after physical exercise. It is important to be aware of the symptoms and risk factors, and to seek medical attention immediately if you experience any of these symptoms. With proper diagnosis and treatment, most people with EIAn can live healthy and active lives.